TPT
08-01-2009, 05:24 PM
ethnic differences in muscular cross sectional areas and performances are widely discussed in bodybuilding and sports. whether controversial or not, objective applications from science can be used in otherwise subjective discussions.
well, the following paper by mccarthy et al. (2006) provided some insight to differences in gastroc development and performance between african american and caucasion women.
ill be back for a review and discussion.
Ethnic Differences in Triceps Surae Muscle-Tendon Complex and Walking Economy (http://forums.rxmuscle.com/nsca-jscr/Abstract/2006/08000/Ethnic_Differences_in_Triceps_Surae_Muscle_Tendon. 9.aspx)
MCCARTHY, JOHN P.; HUNTER, GARY R.; LARSON-MEYER, D. ENETTE; BAMMAN, MARCAS M.; LANDERS, KATHLEEN A.; NEWCOMER, BRADLEY R.
The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 20(3):511-518, August 2006.
Medial gastrocnemius and total triceps surae muscle shape were different across ethnicity despite ...
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PDF (110 KB) (http://pdfs.journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/2006/08000/Ethnic_Differences_in_Triceps_Surae_Muscle_Tendon. 9.pdf?token=method|ExpireAbsolute;source|Journals; ttl|1249160975859;payload|mY8D3u1TCCsNvP5E421JYPPl Nl9ZUXrQDsjmMHeXqBgfxP56d5BAis+WhfSrPR1S6lcHrAT5WT vTkrI7Jc1zUq2UlEn8N1x7qr2heZXbSZE2/LnQkUnbAwLtuHlqxiruZhFwwtFf4aeU4rMgwns+8TDbNbAkOUl ffcIt0OqswFvWf97qU1+XR+GRM7R1S2drJjlMZyk5umnCyX0Zs O+WQO3OqrC6kWZHGFmwsUyPoy3TkarWdvvy6Y+Y2j71uz08ZT4 8Kq4FnoD9k2sZ/f2+VtLuq7uoIKDiRliJeppVX+rw4UyT+wiUZhSlAJO7dAyjR9v myVAWVtaC6WwAPrLYreszSV1KWThE7hh6oMJQ6lmjEbXKC+gaa l/PsKlfuCcwBrUqJIORKZEJNXxZBdgr3PQsdpBR5D41VaEH2MOCV FQOReXo4fsg/YHzlI735ThKGKWml7j5Rn+50uie6sSdJqjf0QLWOa0q+IPzv3l P9DbtjtVBzj37I05+xyFEQYy8hkPvrHfu33uPvCYtoLj6J9uZa wa0r/hG4jNiOlz9FC7GJdeYruj0bK5VQBSvsgdYB6GL5S/67f6Gpsps5F0M+yMXpa+YTOHo/D8kZmNCUepYlg8O/SylX4WpaAqbNJBc;hash|mN+lPSOZa+X29Qsvnbjagw==)
Show Abstract (javascript:adcShowAbs('pnlAbstractText__600703815 ', 'pAbstractText__2070948237', 'nsca-jscr:2006:08000:00009', 'absShow__154967675', 'absHide_1579129654'))
Hide Abstract (javascript:adcHideAbs('pnlAbstractText__600703815 ', 'absShow__154967675', 'absHide_1579129654'))
Abstract:
The purposes of this study were to (a) determine whether structural differences in triceps surae muscle-tendon complex and walking economy exist between 14 African American and 19 Caucasian sedentary women and (b) determine whether muscle-tendon parameters are associated with walking economy. African American and Caucasian subjects were matched on body weight, height, and body composition. Muscle-tendon parameters were determined by magnetic resonance imaging and walking economy was evaluated at 4.8 km [middle dot]h-1. Medial gastrocnemius and total triceps surae muscle shape were different across ethnicity despite no ethnic differences in plantar flexion strength or in maximal cross-sectional area for any triceps surae muscles. African American women had shorter gastrocnemius muscles and longer tendons and performed walking more economically. Tendon length was the only variable related to walking economy. No ethnic differences were observed in walking economy after adjusting for tendon length. Data show gastrocnemius tendon length is related to level walking and longer gastrocnemius tendons may partly explain more economical walking in African American women. These preliminary findings indicate the structure of the muscle-tendon complex could be a factor partially accounting for reported ethnic differences in certain types of athletic-related performance.
(C) 2006 National Strength and Conditioning Association
Go to Full Text of this Article (http://forums.rxmuscle.com/nsca-jscr/Abstract/2006/08000/Ethnic_Differences_in_Triceps_Surae_Muscle_Tendon. 9.aspx)
well, the following paper by mccarthy et al. (2006) provided some insight to differences in gastroc development and performance between african american and caucasion women.
ill be back for a review and discussion.
Ethnic Differences in Triceps Surae Muscle-Tendon Complex and Walking Economy (http://forums.rxmuscle.com/nsca-jscr/Abstract/2006/08000/Ethnic_Differences_in_Triceps_Surae_Muscle_Tendon. 9.aspx)
MCCARTHY, JOHN P.; HUNTER, GARY R.; LARSON-MEYER, D. ENETTE; BAMMAN, MARCAS M.; LANDERS, KATHLEEN A.; NEWCOMER, BRADLEY R.
The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 20(3):511-518, August 2006.
Medial gastrocnemius and total triceps surae muscle shape were different across ethnicity despite ...
+ My Collections (javascript:;)
PDF (110 KB) (http://pdfs.journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/2006/08000/Ethnic_Differences_in_Triceps_Surae_Muscle_Tendon. 9.pdf?token=method|ExpireAbsolute;source|Journals; ttl|1249160975859;payload|mY8D3u1TCCsNvP5E421JYPPl Nl9ZUXrQDsjmMHeXqBgfxP56d5BAis+WhfSrPR1S6lcHrAT5WT vTkrI7Jc1zUq2UlEn8N1x7qr2heZXbSZE2/LnQkUnbAwLtuHlqxiruZhFwwtFf4aeU4rMgwns+8TDbNbAkOUl ffcIt0OqswFvWf97qU1+XR+GRM7R1S2drJjlMZyk5umnCyX0Zs O+WQO3OqrC6kWZHGFmwsUyPoy3TkarWdvvy6Y+Y2j71uz08ZT4 8Kq4FnoD9k2sZ/f2+VtLuq7uoIKDiRliJeppVX+rw4UyT+wiUZhSlAJO7dAyjR9v myVAWVtaC6WwAPrLYreszSV1KWThE7hh6oMJQ6lmjEbXKC+gaa l/PsKlfuCcwBrUqJIORKZEJNXxZBdgr3PQsdpBR5D41VaEH2MOCV FQOReXo4fsg/YHzlI735ThKGKWml7j5Rn+50uie6sSdJqjf0QLWOa0q+IPzv3l P9DbtjtVBzj37I05+xyFEQYy8hkPvrHfu33uPvCYtoLj6J9uZa wa0r/hG4jNiOlz9FC7GJdeYruj0bK5VQBSvsgdYB6GL5S/67f6Gpsps5F0M+yMXpa+YTOHo/D8kZmNCUepYlg8O/SylX4WpaAqbNJBc;hash|mN+lPSOZa+X29Qsvnbjagw==)
Show Abstract (javascript:adcShowAbs('pnlAbstractText__600703815 ', 'pAbstractText__2070948237', 'nsca-jscr:2006:08000:00009', 'absShow__154967675', 'absHide_1579129654'))
Hide Abstract (javascript:adcHideAbs('pnlAbstractText__600703815 ', 'absShow__154967675', 'absHide_1579129654'))
Abstract:
The purposes of this study were to (a) determine whether structural differences in triceps surae muscle-tendon complex and walking economy exist between 14 African American and 19 Caucasian sedentary women and (b) determine whether muscle-tendon parameters are associated with walking economy. African American and Caucasian subjects were matched on body weight, height, and body composition. Muscle-tendon parameters were determined by magnetic resonance imaging and walking economy was evaluated at 4.8 km [middle dot]h-1. Medial gastrocnemius and total triceps surae muscle shape were different across ethnicity despite no ethnic differences in plantar flexion strength or in maximal cross-sectional area for any triceps surae muscles. African American women had shorter gastrocnemius muscles and longer tendons and performed walking more economically. Tendon length was the only variable related to walking economy. No ethnic differences were observed in walking economy after adjusting for tendon length. Data show gastrocnemius tendon length is related to level walking and longer gastrocnemius tendons may partly explain more economical walking in African American women. These preliminary findings indicate the structure of the muscle-tendon complex could be a factor partially accounting for reported ethnic differences in certain types of athletic-related performance.
(C) 2006 National Strength and Conditioning Association
Go to Full Text of this Article (http://forums.rxmuscle.com/nsca-jscr/Abstract/2006/08000/Ethnic_Differences_in_Triceps_Surae_Muscle_Tendon. 9.aspx)