take a read and ill be back to discuss.


http://www.sajsm.org.za/index.php/sa...ewFile/118/107

original research ARTICLE
Complement, immunoglobulin and creatine kinase
response in black and white males after muscle-damaging
exercise
Andrew J Mckune (DTech)1

Stuart J Semple (DTech)
2

Lucille L Smith (PhD)3
Ahmed A Wadee (PhD)
4
1Discipline of Sport Science, School of Physiotherapy, Sport Science and Optometry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban

2
Faculty of Education, Health and Science, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia

3
Department of Sport, Rehabilitation and Dental Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria

4Department of Immunology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg

Abstract

Objectives.
To determine the effect of eccentrically biased exercise
and ethnic group on circulating levels of complement, immunoglobulin
creatine kinase. Seven black and 8 white males (18
– 22 years), active but untrained, participated in the study. Subjects
performed a 60-minute downhill run on a treadmill (gradient
–13.5%) at a speed eliciting 75% of their VO2 peak on a level
grade. Venipunctures were performed before, immediately after
and then at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours afterwards. Plasma
creatine kinase (CK) activity, serum complement (C3, C4) and immunoglobulin
(total IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgA) concentrations
were compared using a repeated measures ANOVA.

Results. There was an interaction (p=0.0055) and ethnic group
effect (
p<0.0001) for CK activity with consistently higher levels in
the black group. CK increased over time after the run, peaking at
12 h for both groups. C3, C4, total IgG, IgG1, IgG3, and IgA were
significantly higher (ethnic group effect, p<0.001), and IgG2 significantly
lower (ethnic group effect, p<0.001) in the black group.
Significantly higher resting concentrations of total IgG (+21%),

and IgG1 (+32%) were observed in this group.

Conclusions.
CK was significantly elevated in the black group
although the relative response to exercise in whites was higher,
suggesting greater muscle damage. Differences in the concentration
of complement proteins and immunoglobulins suggest a
heightened immunological/inflammatory milieu in the circulation
of the black group. The performance and health implications of

this finding warrant further investigation.