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    Chemistry Experiment heavyiron's Avatar
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    Default Deca~NPP~Nandrolone

    Deca-Durabolin

    Pharmaceutical Name: Nandrolone / Nor-testosterone (as undecanoate)

    Effective dose: 200-800 mg / week

    Characteristics:

    The decanoate ester of nandrolone is generally referred to as Deca, stemming from the brand name Deca-Durabolin under which nandrolone was marketed by the Organon company. But as the reference list up above suggests there are many generic forms of this compound available. Nandrolone is perhaps the best marketed and easy to get steroid out there and it has always enjoyed an immense popularity. Its fairly accurate to state that safe for Dianabol, Deca is by far the most used steroid. The deca/d-bol stack, it is often suggested, is where the practice of stacking comes from. But what does it owe its popularity too ? Well, nandrolone has some unique qualities that make it unlike any other steroid known to man.

    Nandrolone is more commonly known as the base steroid 19Nor-testosterone. As this structure would indicate its like testosterone in appearance but for one small change : the absence of a carbon atom in the 19th position. This gives it a number of very distinct features. First of all it makes nandrolone a notably weaker agonist of the androgen receptor. That alone causes quite a reduction in the risk of androgenic side-effects. This is because it is the only steroid that is affected by the 5-alpha-reductase (5AR) enzyme in a way that makes it even less androgenic. Unlike testosterone which forms DHT (dihydrotestosterone) at the 5AR enzyme, a hormone 3-4 times as potent as an androgen receptor stimulator, nandrolone forms DHN (dihydronandrolone) a hormone that is even less suited than the already mild parent hormone for agonizing the androgen receptor. Those two features combined make nandrolone a very safe bet for people at risk for prostate hypertrophy, acne and aggravated male pattern hair loss. At the same time its estimated that nandrolone is 2.4 times as anabolic as testosterone1, on a gram for gram basis.

    Due to the many different ways that testosterone mediates anabolism, one has to take that statement with a serious grain of salt, but it does establish nandrolone as a potent muscle builder and performance enhancer with a comparatively safe character, at least androgenically speaking. This androgenic mildness is perhaps the greatest reason for its popularity. But due to the lack of immediate anabolic activity nandrolone is rarely used alone. Its the most known and sought after product for use as a base steroid, to use in conjunction with a more androgenic specimen to enhance the results without increasing androgenic side-effects to a serious degree.

    The ways in which nandrolone exerts its anabolic effects are two-fold. First of all it's a good mediator for nitrogen retention. When nitrogen retention is high, in essence it means that the cells are taking up more nitrogen than they are releasing. Why is this a good thing though? Well every amino acid has what is known as an amino-group, which contains nitrogen. When nitrogen is retained it means there is a high concentration of amino acids in a cell, which in turn positively affects the rate of protein synthesis. Since every tissue in the body is made from protein, including muscle, this means that muscle hypertrophy is facilitated. A second factor is through estrogen. While nandrolone's rate of aromatization is considerably smaller than that of testosterone, it does convert to a particularly powerful form of estrogen¹. This has been noted to increase glycogen storage, growth hormone release and upgrade the androgen receptor in some tissues. In this case it also entails agonizing of aldosterone, but more on that later.

    On an interesting note, the 5-alpha-reduced versions enlighten us as to the anabolic effect of nandrolone as opposed to that of testosterone. Since nandrolone is weakened at the 5AR enzyme and testosterone becomes notably stronger at the 5AR enzyme it makes sense that testosterone would be a better anabolic mediator in tissues with a high concentration of this enzyme, and that nandrolone would be the stronger of the two in tissues with a lower count of 5AR enzyme1b. Because 5AR is not as well represented in muscle tissue it accounts for the finding that nandrolone is 2.4 times more anabolic when it comes directly to muscular hypertrophy. It also explains why its less of a risk for androgenic side-effects such as benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) and androgenetic alopecia (MPB). Both the prostate and the scalp namely have high concentrations of the 5AR enzyme.

    If indeed the overall yield of estrogen is so much smaller, and so is the rate of androgen receptor stimulation, how then is nandrolone so anabolic? The common belief is through a third receptor : the progesterone receptor. It has been concluded that both nandrolone2 and several of its metabolites3,4 do indeed activate the progesterone receptor and are altered by it. On the one hand progestagenic activity decreases the estrogen receptor concentration in some tissues, it also mediates estrogenic action in other tissues5. So while estrogenic side-effects are fairly uncommon with nandrolone use alone, they can indeed occur and the implications of nandrolone's activity as a progesterone indicate these potential side-effects aren't to be solved with an aromatase inhibitor alone (like Cytadren). As long as there is estrogen in the system (indicating a possible increase of the problem when stacked with another aromatizing compound) progesterone can agonize its effects. And since progesterone receptors are found in breast tissue and have been linked to the formation of milk ducts, progestagenic activity may aggravate possibly gynocomastia. So while such problems are rare, when they occur they aren't easily treated.

    It makes sense then that those particularly prone to the effects and side-effects of estrogen would take extra precaution. Blocking aromatase, considering the previous paragraph, would be a poor choice, but competitively inhibiting the estrogen receptor itself with clomiphene citrate (Clomid) or tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex) might bring some relief since a large portion of progestagenic action is nullified if there is no circulating estrogen around, or if it is kept from being activated by the estrogen receptor. It is generally assumed that 1 mg of either every day for every 20 mg of nandrolone injected weekly is sufficient. Slightly higher doses, or the use of an aromatase inhibitor like cytadren can be stacked if nandrolone is used in conjunction with another aromatizing steroid. It has also been noted that the steroid stanozolol (Winstrol) may provide relief as it too binds to the progesterone receptor but remains unaltered by it. How strong of a competitor it is in such a case and what sort of doses would be needed are as much your guess as they are mine, so this may be non-issue. But it does bode well for the stacking of nandrolone with stanozolol in that you have nothing to lose and everything to gain.

    Another benefit of nandrolone use often reported is the pain-free workouts because nandrolone lubricates the joints. It stores a lot of water (as synovial fluid) in the joints, which eases the impact of the heavy weights handled by bodybuilders and weight lifters. One may wonder how nandrolone can do a better job at it than a steroid that aromatizes much stronger such as a testosterone ester, but its quite easily explained. One study at least goes to show that nandrolone metabolites are also aldosterone agonists6. Although we aren't entirely sure of the mechanism by which this occurs. But, while sparing you the details of this complex hormone, aldosterone has a strong function in the retention of sodium in the body. High sodium levels correlate with a high storage of water and that would explain the aforementioned effect. Of course one needs to note the implication of this of course: a bulkier frame and a certain loss of definition are not uncommon with nandrolone, perhaps more so than with testosterone.

    One last note that is of critical relevance to drug tested athletes is the interaction between nandrolone and esterase. Injectable, non 17-alpha-alkylated hormones are often esterified. This means attaching an ester to a specific position on the steroid causing it to be more lipophyllic. That means it stores well in body-fat and is only slowly released into the bloodstream, giving the whole a time-released character. The more carbons an ester has the longer it will last. For the drug to become active it needs to remove its ester. When released into the bloodstream simply the suspension in H2O will solve that. But in the body-fat the ester can also be removed by the enzyme esterase. But esterase works two ways, meaning in some cases it can also attach an ester. Nandrolone is such a case.

    Nandrolone with a decanoate ester is fairly long acting (10 carbons) to begin with and if on top of that a lot of the drug can be de- and re-esterified that means the substance stays active in the body for quite a long time. This has resulted in positive drug tests for the hormone nandrolone and many of its metabolites, most notably 19-Norandrosterone up to 18 months after last use of the drug. While this is a fairly known fact, the recent number of athletes (including well known soccer stars) that have tested positive for nandrolone would indicate a lot of misinformation or plain lack of information in some circles. Positive tests, with reprimands, that could have easily been avoided. So anyone subject to any form of athletic drug test should refrain from using 19-Nortestosterone (nandrolone) or any of its metabolites, that includes nor-prohormones.

    For those of you looking to use nandrolone as your only steroid, be aware that the gains on nandrolone are not only mild, but also quite hard to maintain. Nandrolone, in the first place due to its combined estrogenic/progestagenic properties, is quite suppressive of the natural testosterone production. Since it actively participates at three receptors its very quick and merciless when it comes to giving negative feedback to the release of gonadotropin releasing hormone from the hypothalamus. But then one also has to take into account its affinity for esterases, making it stay active in the body significantly longer than most hormones. Because that means upon cessation of nandrolone-use you'll still be under quite suppressive conditions, there simply isn't enough intrinsic anabolism available to support the mass you gained, resulting in a rather quick and inglorious reduction of weight.

    Personally, for all intents and purposes I prefer boldenone (equipoise) over nandrolone. Its also a relatively mild androgen that has no conversion at the 5AR enzyme, so its not that much more of an androgenic risk, but in all other aspects it's a much safer steroid. Doesn't have strong estrogenic effects, nor progestagenic activity. That means it doesn't cause bloat or fat gain and is much less likely to cause gyno. On the contrary, the gains from boldenone are much leaner. Its also stronger, mg for mg. It doesn't readily re-esterify and due to its lower estrogenic effects, it is not nearly as suppressive of natural testosterone either. That makes the gains not only better, qualitatively speaking, but also much easier to maintain. Also as far as purchase is concerned. Boldenone is becoming cheaper and is very widely available. The availability of Deca is dropping, but its still the most counterfeited steroid in the world. That makes it more likely that an inexperienced buyer will get scammed looking for nandrolone decanoate, than looking for boldenone undecylenate.

    Stacking and Use:

    Nandrolone stacks well with virtually anything. Due to its mildly aromatizing and its progestagenic activity its mostly used as a mass building compound by all but the monstrously huge. Because some water retention is a fact, one would not desire to include it in a cutting phase, especially if its one of your first cycles. Nandrolone is used in doses of 200-600 mg per week. 400 mg is the common recommendation for a somewhat experienced user, when used in conjunction with another product. Nandrolone as decanoate, as found in deca-durabolin, is a long acting ester of 10 carbons. That means 1 injection weekly will more than suffice as it has quite a long span of activity

    To this effect its preferably stacked with another aromatizing compound. In the first place a long acting testosterone like cypionate, enanthate or sustanon 250. For a beginner cycle, we want to note that the testosterone compound is the most active compound and its therefore more desirable to lower the dose of nandrolone rather than the dose of testosterone. Often beginners look to start at 400 mg of nandrolone and 250 mg of testosterone. A better suggestion would be 200 mg of nandrolone and 500 mg of testosterone. Then bump the nandrolone to 400 mg.

    It also makes a good match for doses of Anadrol or Dianabol, although neither compound can be used for the time-span of nandrolone decanoate due to liver toxicity. This isn't the case for a long-acting testosterone ester. Often nandrolone and test are stacked in conjunction with Anadrol or Dianabol for the first few weeks of a stack to boost gains and strength.

    A nandrolone stack accompanied by stanazolol (Winstrol/Stromba) makes sense as well, especially for those who are highly prone to gyno. It's commonly accepted that stanazolol can compete for the progesterone receptor, and since nandrolone can act as a progestin, this is a wise precaution. Progesterone agonizes estrogen and while nandrolone only aromatizes slightly and cases of gyno with moderate nandrolone use is rare, when stacking it with another aromatizable compound like Dianabol or testosterone, you may not want to take the chance.

    For secondary products one needn't consider an anti-aromatase like Cytadren since one cannot fully block all aromatase conversion and due to the enhanced estrogen activity as a result of progestagenic influence, it would serve little purpose. Using an estrogen-receptor antagonist, while not fool-proof obviously, may serve some benefit. Agonized or not, without binding to the receptor estrogen loses most of its influence. Using stanazolol and either clomid or Nolvadex during a stack with nandrolone is usually the best prescription. Post-cycle use of such substances to help HPTA recover faster and retain gains also comes highly recommended, and preferably for longer than you would with most stacks, since nandrolone stays active for a very long time.

    More advanced users often consider the use of low-dose nandrolone (200 mg/week) with cutting cycles as well, which goes to prove that nandrolone really does stack with anything.
    Last edited by heavyiron; 02-12-2010 at 04:17 PM.


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  2. #2
    Chemistry Experiment heavyiron's Avatar
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    Collagen synthesis in postmenopausal women during therapy with anabolic steroid or female sex hormones.

    Hassager C, Jensen LT, Pødenphant J, Riis BJ, Christiansen C.

    Department of Clinical Chemistry, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

    The effect of anabolic steroid therapy and estrogen-progestogen substitution therapy on serum concentration of procollagen type III aminoterminal peptide (PIIINP), a measure of collagen synthesis, in postmenopausal women was studied in two double-blind studies: (1) 39 women allocated to treatment with either 50 mg nandrolone decanoate as an intramuscular depot or placebo injections every third week for 1 year, and (2) 40 women allocated to receive either 2 mg 17 beta-estradiol plus 1 mg norethisterone acetate daily or placebo tablets for 1 year. Serum PIIINP was measured every 3 months during the study. Anabolic steroid therapy resulted in a more than 50% increase (P less than .001) in serum PIIINP at 3 months, which thereafter decayed but remained significantly increased throughout the study period. Serum PIIINP showed the same pattern during estrogen-progestogen therapy, but to a lesser degree. We conclude that anabolic steroids stimulate type III collagen synthesis in postmenopausal women, while estrogen-progestogen therapy may have such an effect, but only to a lesser degree.

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2...?dopt=Abstract
    Last edited by heavyiron; 01-21-2010 at 03:44 PM.


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  3. #3
    Chemistry Experiment heavyiron's Avatar
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    Nandrolone decanoate for men with osteoporosis.

    Hamdy RC, Moore SW, Whalen KE, Landy C.
    James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN USA.
    To compare the efficacy and safety of nandrolone decanoate and calcium (NDC) with those of calcium alone (CAL) in men with idiopathic osteoporosis, a 12-month, randomized, prospective, controlled study, was performed in an outpatient clinic. Twenty-one men with idiopathic osteoporosis (as determined by radiological and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry findings) were randomly allocated to either 50 mg nandrolone decanoate intramuscularly (im) weekly and 1,000 mg oral calcium carbonate daily (NDC group) or to 1,000 mg oral calcium carbonate daily (CAL group). Bone densitometry (total body, left femur, and lumbar spine), serum, and urine biochemical parameters were measured at 3-month intervals. In the NDC group, bone mineral density initially increased, reached a plateau, and then decreased to near baseline levels at 12 months. Increases in lean muscle mass mirrored these changes. Free and total testosterone significantly decreased. Hemoglobin increased in all patients in this group. Patients in the CAL group exhibited no significant change in either total body or bone mineral density or biochemical parameters. Thus, nandrolone decanoate, 50 mg im weekly, transiently increases the bone mass of men with idiopathic osteoporosis in this preliminary study. Careful monitoring is necessary.

    PMID: 10099043 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10099043
    Last edited by heavyiron; 01-21-2010 at 03:44 PM.


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  4. #4
    Chemistry Experiment heavyiron's Avatar
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    In Praise of Nandrolone

    Written by Jose Antonio, PhD Friday, 06 April 2007

    Nandrolone, which is fondly referred to as "Deca" (Deca-Durabolin), has the chemical name 17b-hydroxy-19-nor-4-andro-sten-3-one and is an anabolic steroid (a muscle-building chemical) that's present naturally in very tiny quantities in the human body. It's very similar in structure to the male hormone testosterone and has many of the same effects in terms of increasing muscle mass, without some of the more unwanted side effects such as increased body hair or aggressive behavior.

    According to an article published in Newsweek International, by Jerry Adler (April 11 issue), "Anabolic steroids are inherently dangerous, no matter what else the pills may contain." Now anyone with half a brain would know there are few things that are "inherently dangerous" or "inherently safe" in life. Androgens (i.e., anabolic steroids) don't fall into either class, if the truth be told. But like ALL behaviors, there's a risk-benefit tradeoff one must consider. For instance, drinking water is certainly "safe" by any measure of common sense. However, if you drink too much water during a prolonged endurance race under hot conditions, you may suffer from the effects of hyponatremia (sodium levels in your blood become disastrously low) and in very, very rare instances, you can die. Certainly, no one in their right mind would suggest a Congressional hearing is in order. Oh my, what about the kids!?

    As such, upon further analysis, reasonable minds can come to only one conclusion about nandrolone and the conclusion is that when nandrolone is used at a moderate dose and treatment duration, it's anabolic with little to no side effects! It's definitely not inherently dangerous.
    For instance, the effectiveness of a biweekly regimen of 150 milligrams nandrolone with placebo in HIV-infected men with mild to moderate weight loss was compared to its effects against a Food and Drug Administration-approved regimen of recombinant human (rh)GH. In this placebo-controlled, randomized, 12-week trial, placebo and nandrolone (150 milligrams intramuscularly biweekly) were administered double blind and rhGH (six milligrams subcutaneously daily) was administered in an open-label manner. Participants were HIV-infected men with five to 15 percent weight loss over six months and on stable antiretroviral therapy for more than 12 weeks.

    Nandrolone administration was associated with a greater increase in lean body mass (LBM) by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan than placebo; however, the change in LBMs with nandrolone was not significantly different from rhGH. Interestingly, rhGH administration was associated with greater loss of whole body fat mass and higher frequency of drug-related adverse effects and treatment discontinuations than nandrolone and placebo and a greater increase in extracellular water than nandrolone. Nandrolone treatment was associated with greater improvements in perception of health than rhGH and sexual function than placebo. Researchers concluded that "nandrolone is superior to placebo and not significantly different from a Food and Drug Administration-approved regimen of rhGH in improving lean body mass in HIV-infected men with mild to moderate weight loss."2 However, the adverse effects were less with the nandrolone. Similar results for nandrolone decanoate therapy were found in women. According to these investigators, nandrolone "may prove to be generally safe and beneficial in reversing weight loss and lean tissue loss in women with HIV infection and other chronic catabolic diseases."3

    In another clinical trial, the effects of nandrolone decanoate (ND) were assessed after a two-year treatment period. Yes, you read it right, two friggin' years!! Sixty-five osteoporotic women older than 70 years were studied. Thirty-two patients received injections of 50 milligrams ND and 33 received placebos every three weeks. All patients received 500 milligrams calcium tablets daily. What did scientists find? Compared to baseline, ND increased the bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (3.4 percent and 3.7 percent) and femoral neck (4.1 percent and 4.7 percent) after one and two years, respectively. ND significantly reduced the incidence of new vertebral fractures (21 percent vs. 43 percent in the placebo group; p < .05). ND showed a significant statistical increase in lean body mass after the first (6.2 percent) and second years (11.9 percent). In addition, a two-year treatment with ND significantly increased hemoglobin levels compared to baseline (14.3 percent) and placebo. The science nerds concluded, "ND increased BMD, hemoglobin levels and muscle mass and reduced the vertebral fracture rate of elderly osteoporotic women."4 Wait, did you read that? In OLDER women who were osteoporotic, nandrolone helps improve muscle mass and bone mineral density. It also reduces the risk of fractures. No ‘roid rage, nobody committing suicide, nobody throwing 45-pound plates in the gym. You mean this stuff can actually be beneficial and safe? Egads!

    Even low doses work in bodybuilders. Using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, 16 experienced male bodybuilders (ages: 19-44 years) received either ND (200 milligrams per week, intramuscularly) or placebo for eight weeks. ND administration resulted in significant increments of body mass (+2.2 kilograms), fat-free mass (FFM: +2.6 kilograms) and total body water (+1.4 kilograms).5
    What about something to help improve recovery of connective tissue? Well indeed nandrolone does the trick! "Data suggest anabolic steroids may enhance production of bioartificial tendons and rotator cuff tendon healing in vitro."6

    Nandrolone even helps patients on dialysis. Medical records of chronic hemodialysis patients receiving nandrolone decanoate for greater than 30 days were reviewed. They discovered nandrolone significantly improved markers of nutritional status in hemodialysis patients. They also believe this therapy may enhance the hematopoietic or red blood cell-enhancing effects of EPO.7

    So in summary, here's what we can reasonably say about nandrolone:
    Nandrolone administration in moderate doses (no more than 200 milligrams per week) can increase muscle mass, increase fat-free mass and improve the function of patients with HIV, patients with low bone mineral density and patients undergoing dialysis. In addition, nandrolone can be an effective tool in promoting connective tissue healing.

    That's what the science says!

    Now what they print in newspapers may be different, for the sole reason that journalists are either too ignorant or too lazy to actually read the literature.

    References

    1. Nandrolone
    2. Storer TW, Woodhouse LJ, Sattler F, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of nandrolone decanoate in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men with mild to moderate weight loss with recombinant human growth hormone as active reference treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, Aug 2005;90(8):4474-4482.
    3. Mulligan K, Zackin R, Clark RA, et al. Effect of nandrolone decanoate therapy on weight and lean body mass in HIV-infected women with weight loss: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Arch Intern Med, Mar 14 2005;165(5):578-585.
    4. Frisoli A, Jr., Chaves PH, Pinheiro MM, Szejnfeld VL. The effect of nandrolone decanoate on bone mineral density, muscle mass and hemoglobin levels in elderly women with osteoporosis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, May 2005;60(5):648-653.
    5. van Marken Lichtenbelt WD, Hartgens F, Vollaard NB, Ebbing S, Kuipers H. Bodybuilders' body composition: effect of nandrolone decanoate. Med Sci Sports Exerc, Mar 2004;36(3):484-489.
    6. Triantafillopoulos IK, Banes AJ, Bowman KF, Jr., Maloney M, Garrett WE, Jr., Karas SG. Nandrolone decanoate and load increase remodeling and strength in human supraspinatus bioartificial tendons. Am J Sports Med, Jun 2004;32(4):934-943.
    7. Barton Pai A, Chretien C, Lau AH. The effects of nandrolone decanoate on nutritional parameters in hemodialysis patients. Clin Nephrol, Jul 2002;58(1):38-46.


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  5. #5
    Chemistry Experiment heavyiron's Avatar
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    Nandrolone Decanoate and Load Increase Remodeling and Strength in Human Supraspinatus Bioartificial Tendons

    Ioannis K. Triantafillopoulos, MD*,, Albert J. Banes, PhD,,, Karl F. Bowman, Jr||, Melissa Maloney, MS¶, William E. Garrett, Jr, MD, PhD# and Spero G. Karas, MD*,,**

    From * the Shoulder and Elbow Service, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Flexcell International Corporation, Hillsborough, North Carolina, the Department of Biomedical Engineering, the || School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, ¶ Flexcell International Corporation, Hillsborough, North Carolina, and the # Department of Orthopaedics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina

    ** Address correspondence to Spero G. Karas, MD, Chief, Shoulder and Elbow Service, University of North Carolina, Department of Orthopaedics, CB#7055, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7055 (e-mail: [email protected] ).


    Background: To date, no studies document the effect of anabolic steroids on rotator cuff tendons.

    Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

    Hypothesis: Anabolic steroids enhance remodeling and improve the biomechanical properties of bioartificially engineered human supraspinatus tendons.

    Methods: Bioartificial tendons were treated with either nandrolone decanoate (nonload, steroid, n = 18), loading (load, nonsteroid, n = 18), or both (load, steroid, n = 18). A control group received no treatment (nonload, nonsteroid [NLNS], n = 18). Bioartificial tendons’ remodeling was assessed by daily scanning, cytoskeletal organization by staining, matrix metalloproteinase–3 levels by ELISA assay, and biomechanical properties by load-to-failure testing.

    Results: The load, steroid group showed the greatest remodeling and the best organized actin cytoskeleton. Matrix metallo-proteinase–3 levels in the load, steroid group were greater than those of the nonload, nonsteroid group (P < .05). Ultimate stress and ultimate strain in the load, steroid group were greater than those of the nonload, nonsteroid and nonload, steroid groups (P < .05). The strain energy density in the load, steroid group was greater when compared to other groups (P < .05).

    Conclusions: Nandrolone decanoate and load acted synergistically to increase matrix remodeling and biomechanical properties of bioartificial tendons. Clinical Relevance: Data suggest anabolic steroids may enhance production of bioartificial tendons and rotator cuff tendon healing in vitro. More research is necessary before such clinical use is recommended.



    http://ajs.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/32/4/934



    http://www.paktribune.com/news/print.php?id=183128


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  6. #6
    Chemistry Experiment heavyiron's Avatar
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    Effects of Pharmacological Doses of Nandrolone Decanoate and Progressive Resistance Training in Immunodeficient Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

    Fred R. Sattler, S. Victoria Jaque, E. Todd Schroeder, Connie Olson, Michael P. Dube, Carmen Martinez, William Briggs, Richard Horton and Stanley Azen
    Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases (F.R.S., C.O., M.P.D.) and Endocrinology (C.M., R.H.), Department of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy (S.V.J., E.T.S.), and Department of Preventive Medicine (S.A.), University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90033

    Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Fred R. Sattler, Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center, 1300 North Mission Road, Los Angeles, California 90033.

    Abstract

    This nonplacebo-controlled, open label, randomized study was conducted to test the hypotheses that pharmacological doses of nandrolone decanoate would increase lean body tissue, muscle mass, and strength in immunodeficient human immunodeficiency virus-infected men, and that these effects would be enhanced with progressive resistance training (PRT). Thirty human immunodeficiency virus-positive men with fewer than 400 CD4 lymphocytes/mm3 were randomly assigned to receive weekly injections of nandrolone alone or in combination with supervised PRT at 80% of the one-repetition maximum three times weekly for 12 weeks. Total body weight increased significantly in both groups (3.2 ± 2.7 and 4.0 ± 2.0 kg, respectively; P < 0.001), with increases due primarily to augmentation of lean tissue. Lean body mass determined by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry increased significantly more in the PRT group (3.9 ± 2.3 vs. 5.2 ± 5.7 kg, respectively; P = 0.03). Body cell mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis increased significantly (P < 0.001) in both groups (2.6 ± 1.0 vs. 2.9 ± 0.8 kg), but to a similar magnitude (P = NS). Significant increases in cross-sectional area by magnetic resonance imaging of total thigh muscles (1538 ± 767 and 1480 ± 532 mm2), quadriceps (705 ± 365 and 717 ± 288 mm2), and hamstrings (842 ± 409 and 771 ± 295 mm2) occurred with both treatment strategies (P < 0.001 for the three muscle areas); these increases were similar in both groups (P = NS). By the one-repetition method, strength increased in both upper and lower body exercises, with gains ranging from 10.3–31% in the nandrolone group and from 14.4–53.0% in the PRT group (P < 0.006 with one exception). Gains in strength were of significantly greater magnitude in the PRT group (P 0.005 for all comparisons), even after correction for lean body mass. Thus, pharmacological doses of nandrolone decanoate yielded significant gains in total weight, lean body mass, body cell mass, muscle size, and strength. The increases in lean body mass and muscular strength were significantly augmented with PRT.



    Complete study;
    http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/full/84/4/1268
    Last edited by heavyiron; 01-21-2010 at 03:45 PM.


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  7. #7
    Chemistry Experiment heavyiron's Avatar
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    Written by Dan Gwartney, MD


    Nandrolone Cypionate

    A Quicker Form of Deca

    From time to time, a "new" steroid emerges and gains great attention. Bodybuilders eagerly anticipate adding a new weapon to their chemical arsenal, hoping the newly modified androgen will somehow allow them to break personal records and pack an extra inch into their shirtsleeves. It's important to put aside the emotional reaction that accompanies any novel introduction and evaluate these "new" entries on a more objective basis.
    There truly has not been much in the way of novel steroids in the last three decades, as the existing drugs appear to cover all the bases therapeutically; the number of treatments using anabolic steroids has decreased; the public stigma and increased regulation hinders business growth; and the drugs are no longer protected by patents, making them less profitable. Only recently has the public become aware of an underground research and development presence within the black market serving professional and Olympic athletes.1,2 Unfortunately, the primary aim of these new steroids is to avoid detection rather than improve the safety or efficacy of the drugs.

    Improving Upon Deca

    There have been a few steroids newly released on the market in the last several years. However, for the most part, it's a bit of a stretch to call them new. One recent entry into the anabolic pharmacopoeia is nandrolone cypionate (CAS registry #601-63-8). This drug has been manufactured in the past by a small number of companies, but it's now encountered most commonly as the SYD GROUP product Anabolic DN.3 SYD GROUP is a veterinary drug company utilizing a manufacturing plant located in Australia and distributing primarily throughout Mexico. SYD GROUP has received positive reports based upon the experiences of bodybuilders who have used SYD GROUP products, as well as claims appearing on message boards that the products' contents have been verified in laboratory analysis.
    Considering the sources of this information are not readily identified and that this will appear in the U.S. as a diverted product on the black market, the usual precautions should be taken with this product. As with other anabolic steroids, sale or possession of nandrolone cypionate is a federal felony. No SYD GROUP counterfeit products have been reported; recent label changes (including a hologram) should make it difficult to produce a convincing imitation and the company provides batch numbers and expiration dates on it website.
    Nandrolone cypionate is a 17-B ester of nandrolone, similar to the familiar and extremely popular steroid Deca-durabolin. Whereas Deca has a 10-carbon ester (decanoate) attached to the nandrolone molecule, Anabolic DN has an eight-carbon ester (cypionate). The difference between esters affects several properties of a steroid. In general, the longer the ester, the slower it's released, the less potent per milligram and the delay to effect is longer.6 Deca provides excellent results to male and female bodybuilders, but a common complaint is that it requires either a long cycle or it has to be stacked with fast-acting injectables or orals. By bonding nandrolone to a shorter ester, users are in effect provided with a faster-acting, slightly more potent version of Deca.



    Changing to a shorter ester would be viewed as a negative alteration for the therapeutic use of nandrolone in many cases; shorter esters require more frequent injections and have higher peaks. However, for the bodybuilder, this may be seen as a positive. Bodybuilders typically cycle anabolic steroids for a period of six to 12 weeks. As Deca has both a slow onset of action and long half-life, Deca cycles often last 12 to 16 weeks. A quicker-acting version of nandrolone would allow for a quicker onset of action, quicker results and a comparatively shorter cycle. Having a shorter half-life, Anabolic DN would clear the system quicker, allowing natural testosterone production to be restored in a shorter time.7 For those subject to drug testing, users of Anabolic DN would not test positive for as long as those who use an equivalent amount of Deca. Female users suffering from androgenic side effects could anticipate a quicker resolution of the problems compared to Deca, though the time course would still be slow.

    Establishing a Trend

    Anabolic DN represents a trend in steroid development. Foreign manufacturers are recognizing that there's a demand for both different esters of established steroids and higher concentrations. Nandrolone is extremely popular, but as previously stated, it's slow acting in its most common form (Deca). There are fast-acting, very short chain nandrolone esters, such as the drug Durabolin.8 Durabolin elicits a rapid response, but requires frequent injections, as it is quickly cleared from the system. Most recreational users prefer a form that provides a response within the first week to 10 days, but does not require an injection every other day.
    Another trend demonstrated by Anabolic DN is the high concentration, 300 milligrams per milliliter (mg/ml).3 Deca and most testosterone esters traditionally have concentrations no higher than 200 mg/ml. However, the demand for high-concentration products by bodybuilders has inspired some manufacturers to produce higher-concentration products. This is achieved through the use of additives such as benzyl alcohol and/or benzyl benzoate. One drawback to such preparations is the tendency to cause injection site pain and swelling. However, most users report Anabolic DN injections are tolerable.



    The benefits of Anabolic DN are derived from its steroid component, nandrolone. Nandrolone is also known as 19-nortestosterone (19-NT). 19-NT is similar to testosterone, with the exception of a carbon atom missing from one end of the molecule (carbon 19). Though 19-NT retains its anabolic properties, much of the androgenic effect of the steroid is removed. Additionally, the metabolism of 19-NT imparts different effects than the metabolism of testosterone. Two primary enzyme systems metabolize testosterone; aromatase and 5-A reductase. These same enzyme systems also act on 19-NT, but the end result is different.



    Aromatase is an enzyme that converts androgens into estrogenic hormones.9,10 This is the mechanism that leads to side effects such as gynecomastia- the development of breast tissue in males.11 Testosterone and androstenedione are natural precursors for this enzymatic conversion, which takes place in eight steps in humans. The conversion of androgens to estrogens requires the formation of three double bonds in the first ring, with the removal of carbon-19.



    This explanation suggests that a steroid without carbon-19 (e.g., 19-NT) would aromatize more rapidly, but in fact the enzymatic process is much less efficient and requires a separate enzyme pathway.12 19-NT is not naturally present in appreciable amounts in humans and does not serve as a preferred precursor to the aromatase system.13 Compared to testosterone, 19-NT is only converted to estrogen at a 10-20 percent efficiency rate.14-16 This explains why many bodybuilders do not suffer estrogenic side effects when using Deca or other nandrolone-based drugs. Some do develop gynecomastia. When this happens, it may be due to the presence of other anabolic steroids or the ability of 19-NT to bind to and activate progesterone receptors.17 Progesterone is another female hormone.
    Due in part to its mild estrogenic burden, progesterone-like properties and androgenic structure, 19-NT will shut down natural testosterone production.7 Given that 19-NT does not have a strong androgenic component, many users suffer from a decreased libido and occasionally impotence, unless they also stack an androgenic steroid in the cycle. This is referred to as "Deca dick" in gym slang, but would apply to any 19-NT based steroid.



    One would assume that any anabolic steroid cycle would actually increase libido and erections, given that androgen levels are elevated. However, 19-NT is less androgenic than testosterone, despite binding well to the androgen receptors. Even more importantly, 19-NT does not convert to a more potent androgen under the influence of 5-A reductase, as does testosterone. In many tissues, including the prostate and hair follicles, testosterone is converted to a more potent androgen by the enzyme 5-A reductase. When the same enzyme system acts on 19-NT, the resulting steroid is actually less androgenic than 19-NT.18 This accounts for the popularity of Deca and other 19-NT steroids among men suffering from hair loss or prostate enlargement, as well as women.

    Popularity Plus

    Deca is commonly cycled for 10-16 weeks at a dose of 400- 800 mg/week.5 Most users stack Deca with an androgenic oral to accelerate the anabolic effect and avoid the onset of a decreased libido or impotence. Nandrolone cypionate is being used in a similar fashion, though some users are satisfied with shorter cycles of eight to 12 weeks and are using higher doses with the higher concentration present in Anabolic DN.



    Nandrolone has been one of the most popular derivatives of testosterones ever developed. It is considered to be well tolerated, giving moderate strength and mass gains with a low risk of side effects. In its most popular form, nandrolone decanoate (Deca durabolin) has earned a loyal following among bodybuilders.



    Though Deca has a slow onset and does not provide outstanding gains in single drug cycles, it's mild enough to use in longer cycles and stacks extremely well with more androgenic steroids. Even to this date, one of the most popular cycles remains the tried and true "Deca and D-bol" stack. The downsides to Deca include its slow onset and the prolonged delay in clearing the drug, both in terms of drug detection and restoring natural testosterone production. By supplying nandrolone (19-NT) as the cypionate ester, a faster onset of action can be achieved and a quicker clearance after the cycle ends. Additionally, by using a shorter ester chain, each dose will be slightly more potent, as the nandrolone component will account for a greater percentage of the molecular weight.



    Nandrolone cypionate is currently circulating as the SYD GROUP product Anabolic DN. Though this drug will offer the same benefits as Deca, in a slightly more advantageous form, the same precautions and warnings should be heeded. Side effects can occur with Anabolic DN such as are seen with Deca, though these side effects may be expected to occur slightly more frequently as the peak dose will be higher after each injection. The drug is distributed through the black market, though the inclusion of a hologram on the bottle and the public listing of batch numbers and expiration dates does offer some protection to potential buyers. Anabolic DN is a controlled substance as defined by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration; thus, the sale or possession of this steroid is a federal felony.

    References


    Catlin DH, Ahrens BD, et al. Detection of norbolethone, an anabolic steroid never marketed, in athletes' urine. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom, 2002;16(13):1273-5.
    Catlin DH, Sekera MH, et al. Tetrahydrogestrinone: discovery, synthesis, and detection in urine. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom, 2004;18(12):1245-9.
    SYD Group S.A. de C.V. Product Name: Anabolic DN Injection. Available on http://www.veterinaria.com/mx accessed February 3, 2005.
    Controlled Substances Act. United States Code Service - 21 USCS Section 802. Lawyers Cooperative Publishing;1996.
    Llewellyn W. Deca-durabolin (nandrolone decanoate). Anabolics 2004. Molecular Nutrition Press, Jupiter, Fl;2004:88-91.
    Gooren LJ, Bunck MC. Androgen replacement therapy: present and future. Drugs, 2004;64(17):1861-91.
    Boyadjiev NP, Georgieva KN, et al. Reversible hypogonadism and azoospermia as a result of anabolic-androgenic steroid use in a bodybuilder with personality disorder. A case report. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 2000 Sep;40(3):271-4.
    Llewellyn W. Durabolin (nandrolone phenylpropionate). Anabolics 2004. Molecular Nutrition Press, Jupiter, FL;2004:99-100.
    Simpson ER, Mahendroo MS, et al. Aromatase cytochrome p450, the enzyme responsible for estrogen biosynthesis. Endocr Rev, 1994;15:342-55.
    Dintinger T, Gaillard JL, et al. Androgen and 19-norandrogen aromatization by equine and human placental microsomes. J Steroid Biochem, 1989 Nov;33(5):949-54.
    Braunstein GD. Aromatase and gynecomastia. Endocr Relat Cancer, 1999 Jun;6(2):315-24.
    Auvray P, Nativelle C, et al. Study of substrate specificity of human aromatase by site directed mutagenesis. Eur J Biochem, 2002;269:1393-1405.
    Reznik Y, Dehennin L, et al. Urinary nandrolone metabolites of endogenous origin in man: a confirmation by output regulation under human chorionic gonadotrophin stimulation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2001;86:146-50.
    Gaillard JL, Silberzhan P. Aromatization of 19-norandrogens by equine testicular microsomes. J Biol Chem, 1987 Apr 25;262(12):5717-22.
    Thompson EA, Siiteri PK. Studies on the aromatization of C-19 androgens. Ann NY Acad Sci, 1973;212:378-91.
    Gual C, Morato T, et al. Biosynthesis of estrogens. Endocrinology, 1962;71:920-5.
    Beri R, Kumar N, et al. Estrogenic and progestational activity of 7alpha-methyl-19-nortestosterone, a synthetic androgen. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 1998 Nov;67(3):275-83.
    Sundaram K, Kumar N, et al. Different patterns of metabolism determine the relative anabolic activity of 19-norandrogens. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 1995 Jun;53(1-6):253-7.
    Last edited by heavyiron; 02-12-2010 at 04:20 PM.


    All posts are for entertainment and may contain fiction. Consult a doctor before using any medications. heavyiron does not advocate readers engage in any illegal activity.


  8. #8
    GYM RAT whey2fast's Avatar
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    Default Nandrolone Decanoate

    Nandrolone Decanoate is one of the most widely used anabolic compounds. Its popularity is due to the simple fact that it exhibits many very favourable properties. Structurally, Nandrolone is very similar to testosterone, although it lacks a carbon atom at the 19th position (hence its other name 19-nortestosterone). The resulting structure is a hormone that exhibits less androgenic properties than testosterone. Of primary interest is the fact that Nandrolone will not break down to a more potent metabolite in androgen target tissues. It is a long acting compound, with the decanoate ester providing this drug a slow release time of up to three weeks, though in practice a strong release of Nandrolone is really maintained for one to two weeks. Nandrolone Deaconate causes the muscle cell to store more nitrogen than it releases so that a positive nitrogen balance is achieved. A positive nitrogen balance is synonymous with muscle growth since the muscle cell, in this phase, assimilates (accumulates) a large amount of protein than usual. The result is a positive nitrogen balance and the protein building effects that accompany it.
    Many consider nandrolone decanoate to be the best overall steroid for a man to use. It has been shown not only to be effective at safely bringing up lean body weight, but also to be beneficial to the immune system, as well as having a reputation for alleviating sore joints and tendons. The reason for this is that it blocks the cortisone receptors thus allowing less cortisone to reach the muscle cells and the connective tissue cells. In general one can expect to gain muscle weight at about half the rate of that with an equal amount of testosterone. A cycle lasting ten to twelve weeks seems to make the most sense, expecting to elicit a slow, even gain of quality muscle. An anti-estrogen is rarely needed with this compound with its Reduced potential for androgenic and estrogenic effects, along with its high anabolic potential also makes Nandrolone a very good product to combine with testosterone for higher-dose anabolic therapy. Although active in the body for much longer, it is usually injected once per week. Scientific research has shown that best results can be obtained by the intake of 2mg/pound body weight. Those who take a dose of less than 200mg/week will usually feel only a mild anabolic effects which, however, increases with a higher dosage. Women may take this compound at a dosage of one quarter or less than that of men.

  9. #9
    OLYMPIAN s2h's Avatar
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    heavy,whats your thoughts on npp and female BB's?sides and actual muscle growth compared to say primo in quality ?

  10. #10
    RX MEMBER -BLP-'s Avatar
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    i love more npp then my GF

  11. #11
    OLYMPIAN s2h's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by -BLP- View Post
    i love more npp then my GF
    i'm gettn some what would you compare it to?

  12. #12
    Chemistry Experiment heavyiron's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by s2h View Post
    heavy,whats your thoughts on npp and female BB's?sides and actual muscle growth compared to say primo in quality ?
    NPP is WAY above Primo for anyone.


    All posts are for entertainment and may contain fiction. Consult a doctor before using any medications. heavyiron does not advocate readers engage in any illegal activity.


  13. #13
    RX MEMBER Mark's Avatar
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    I love NNP more than BLPs girlfriend.

  14. #14
    Chemistry Experiment heavyiron's Avatar
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    Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nandrolone esters in oil vehicle: effects of ester, injection site and injection volume.

    Minto CF, Howe C, Wishart S, Conway AJ, Handelsman DJ.
    Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Australia.

    We studied healthy men who underwent blood sampling for plasma nandrolone, testosterone and inhibin measurements before and for 32 days after a single i.m. injection of 100 mg of nandrolone ester in arachis oil. Twenty-three men were randomized into groups receiving nandrolone phenylpropionate (group 1, n = 7) or nandrolone decanoate (group 2, n = 6) injected into the gluteal muscle in 4 ml of arachis oil vehicle or nandrolone decanoate in 1 ml of arachis oil vehicle injected into either the gluteal (group 3, n = 5) or deltoid (group 4, n = 5) muscles. Plasma nandrolone, testosterone and inhibin concentrations were analyzed by a mixed-effects indirect response model. Plasma nandrolone concentrations were influenced (P < .001) by different esters and injection sites, with higher and earlier peaks with the phenylpropionate ester, compared with the decanoate ester. After nandrolone decanoate injection, the highest bioavailability and peak nandrolone levels were observed with the 1-ml gluteal injection. Plasma testosterone concentrations were also influenced (P < .001) by the ester and injection site, with the most rapid, but briefest, suppression being due to the phenylpropionate ester, whereas the most sustained suppression was achieved with the 1-ml gluteal injection. Plasma inhibin concentrations were also significantly influenced by injection volume and site, with the lowest nadir occurring after the nandrolone decanoate 1-ml gluteal injection. Thus, the bioavailability and physiological effects of a nandrolone ester in an oil vehicle are greatest when the ester is injected in a small (1 ml vs. 4 ml) volume and into the gluteal vs. deltoid muscle. We conclude that the side-chain ester and the injection site and volume influence the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nandrolone esters in an oil vehicle in men.


    PMID: 9103484 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]



    Figure 1
    Time course of plasma nandrolone concentrations in 23 healthy men over 32 days after i.m. injection of 100 mg of nandrolone phenylpropionate in 4 ml of arachis oil vehicle into the gluteal muscle (group 1) (♦) or injection of 100 mg of nandrolone decanoate into the gluteal muscle in 4 ml of arachis oil vehicle (group 2) (○), into the gluteal muscle in 1 ml of arachis oil vehicle (group 3) (•) or into the deltoid muscle in 1 ml of arachis oil vehicle (group 4) (▪). Results are expressed as mean and S.E.M., unless the S.E. is smaller than symbol.



    Figure 2
    Observed and model-predicted time course of plasma nandrolone concentrations in four healthy men over 32 days after i.m. injection of 100 mg of nandrolone ester. The four men were selected from each of the treatment groups according to the median predicted error in nandrolone concentrations, so that they were most representative of that group. Note the logarithmic vertical scale. •, observed data; ——, individual Bayesian predictions.


    Figure 3
    Time course of plasma testosterone concentrations in 23 healthy men over 32 days after i.m. injection of 100 mg of nandrolone phenylpropionate in 4 ml of arachis oil vehicle into the gluteal muscle (group 1) (♦) or injection of 100 mg of nandrolone decanoate into the gluteal muscle in 4 ml of arachis oil vehicle (group 2) (○), into the gluteal muscle in 1 ml of arachis oil vehicle (group 3) (•) or into the deltoid muscle in 1 ml of arachis oil vehicle (group 4) (▪). Results expressed as mean and S.E.M., unless the S.E. is smaller than the symbol.



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    RX MEMBER airagee23's Avatar
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    NPP is freakin great. Nice info Heavy.

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